The report included the following findings:

‘EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN IN THE REGION OF THE DISASTER 25.6 PERCENT’

“In the pre-earthquake period, women’s labor and labor participation rates were low in Gaziantep, Adıyaman, Kilis, Hatay, Kahramanmaraş, Osmaniye, Şanlıurfa and Diyarbakır provinces. In the region, 73 percent (2,292,000) of the labor force is made up of men and 26.7 percent (837,000) of women.

Total employment; 1 million 987 thousand, of which 74 percent are men; 695 thousand of which 25.6 percent are women. With the earthquake it is seen that the employment of women will decrease very seriously.

MORE THAN HALF OF WOMEN ARE UNSECURE

Women from the provinces in the earthquake zone are deprived of social security. More than half of the employed women work informally. Among total female employment, 52 percent of women are informally employed.

This means that one in two women working in the earthquake zone will not be able to benefit from benefits such as the unemployment subsidy and short-time subsidy announced on February 22, 2023.

The unemployment rate for women in the earthquake region is higher than the unemployment rate for women in the country. While the female unemployment rate nationwide is 14.7% in 2021, this rate is 16.8% in the earthquake zone, which is 2.1 percentage points higher.

Total female unemployment in Turkey is 1.5 million in 2021. Unemployed women living in the earthquake zone constitute about 10 percent of total female unemployment (more than 141,000 women).

GENDER DEFICIT IN EMPLOYMENT 36.4 PERCENT

When we make a comparison at the level of the averages of the countries of the EU and the OECD, it is observed that the participation of women in working life has not increased over the years. According to OECD data, while female employment in Turkey is 34.3 percent, male employment is 70.7 percent.

When we look at the averages of the member countries of the OECD and the EU; It is seen that the employment rates of women and men are close to each other and therefore the gender gap in employment is smaller.

In the average of the member countries of the OECD, female employment is 62.4 percent, the gender gap is 14.2 percent; While the average for EU member states is 65 percent and the gender gap is 9.9 percent, in Turkey this rate is half the country averages at 34.3 percent. The gender gap in employment is 36.4 percent.

THE UNEMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN EXCEEDED 4 MILLION IN 2022

Unemployment rates of women in Turkey are increasing day by day. According to OECD data; The unemployment rate for women in Turkey is 12.7 percent, more than double the average for EU and OECD member countries. Unemployment for women is 6.4 percent on average for EU member countries and 6.8 percent on average for OECD member countries.

When we look at the last 5 years in detail; While the narrow definition female unemployment rate is around 14 percent, we see the broad definition female unemployment rate has risen. While the official/narrowly defined number of unemployed women was 1.4 million in 2018, it increased to 1.7 million in December 2022. In the same period, broadly defined female unemployment increased by 6 points, from 23.5 percent to 29.5 percent, and reached 4 million 82 thousand people.

9 MILLION 663 THOUSAND WOMEN CANNOT ENTER WORKING LIFE DUE TO TASKS

Most women are unable to participate in working life due to socially assigned jobs, such as housework, cleaning, caring for children, the elderly and the sick.

According to data from the 4th quarter of 2022, 9 million 663 thousand women stated that they could not participate in working life due to housework, while there was no data on men who stated that they could not participate in working life due to housework. home .

Similarly, while the number of women who stated that they were unable to participate in working life for family and personal reasons is 2,286,000, the number of men is only 466,000.

3 out of 10 women do not have social security

32.5 percent of total female employment is unregistered and insecure. According to data from the 4th quarter of 2022, 6,951,000 (67.4 percent) of the 10,298,000 jobs for women are formally employed and 3,347,000 (32.5 percent) are informally employed. In other words, 3 out of 10 women do not have social security.

MEN EARN MORE THAN WOMEN

Income inequality around the world has deepened, especially with the deep economic crisis that began with the Covid-19 process, and has made it more difficult to fight for equal pay for work of equal value in employment. Globally, women are paid 20 percent less than men.

While there is severe inequality globally, it is noted that men earn 20.84 percent more than women in Turkey. When we examine the gender pay gap and work styles; The type of work where there is a pay gap between men and women is for men and women who work on a daily basis.

Men who work daily earn 47.39 percent more than women who work occasionally. This difference is 16 percent for salaried employees. Salaried men earn 16 percent more than women.

NUMBER OF POOR WORKING WOMEN 882 THOUSAND PEOPLE

Women are the most affected by poverty in Turkey. Poverty for men is 20.8 percent with 8.5 million people; Poverty among women is 21.8 percent with 9 million people. When we examine the situation of those who claim to be poor despite the fact that they work and have income, by gender; It is seen that male workers are poorer than female workers. While the number of poor workers is 14.8 percent with 2.8 million people, the number of poor working women is 10.6 percent with 882 thousand people.